Cylinder lock



Jan. 27, 1959 s. E. B. ERIKSSON 2,870,622

CYLINDER LOCK Filed July 21. 1954 v 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VENTOR Br H 43 Jan. 27, 1959 s. E. B. ERIKSSON 2,870,622

CYLINDER LOCK Filed July 21, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 9 4 //a /2 C 9b a 4 9 a L) Jan. 27, 1959 s. E. B. ERIKSSON 2,870,622

CYLINDER LOCK Filed July 21, 1954 I 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig.5

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flrraxwi v fvvszvralr United States CYLINDER LOCK Sven Erik Birger Eriksson, Spanga, Sweden, assignor to Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden, a corporation of Sweden Application July 21, 1954, Serial No. 444,853

Claims priority, application Sweden January 12, 1954 9 Claims. (Cl. 70-364) This invention relates to cylinder locks provided with tumbler members mounted in sockets in the plug and in the lock casing. The object of the invention is to provide a lock of the type, the opening of which without the correct key is rendered practically impossible.

The invention will be described more closely with reference to the annexed drawings, which show an embodiment.

Figs. l and 3 are longitudinal sectional views of a lock, the sections being taken through the shaft of the plug, whereby in Fig. 1 a correct key and in Fig. 3 a

false key are supposed to be used. Figs. 2 and 4 are sections along the line CC in Fig. 1 and D-D in Fig. 3, respectively. Fig. 5 is an enlargement of the detail shown within a circle 0 in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a side view in enlargement of the unit formed by all locking members. Fig. 7 is an end view of one of the locking members of the unit. Figs. 8A and B are a top plan view and a side View, respectively, of a pre-stressed spring. Figs. 9A and B are a top plan view and a side view, respectively, of a locking member, and Figs. 10A and B show in the same manner a washer.

In a manner known per se there is rotatably inserted in the lock casing 1, a plug 2, the lock casing being provided with five bores 3, Fig. 2, arranged behind each other along a generatrix of the plug. In each bore there is mounted a pin tumbler 4 (the upper pin tumbler), which is pressed against the plug by means of a spring. In the plug there are also bores 6, in which lower pin tumblers 7, each of different length, are mounted. When the key is inserted in the key hole, the teeth of the key will operate the lower pin tumblers 7 so as to move them, together with the upper pin tumblers 4, into the release positions, the turning of the plug thereby being rendered possible. The rotational movement of the plug is by means of the member 20 transmitted to the locking member that is to be operated.

An opening of locks of this type may be made by means of certain auxiliary means such as a jimmy operating the lower pin tumblers 7 so as to move the plug into the release position, thus enabling the lock to be opened. For the purpose of preventing the opening of the lockafter a person has succeeded to move without authorization the pin tumblers into the release position by'such auxiliary means-the lock casing is provided on both sides of the pin tumblers 4 with a circular recess 11 (or 11a), Figs. 2 and 4, the axis of which is parallel to the shaft of the plug and in which there is inserted a shaft 12 seating locking members 9, 13, 14 etc. These members are so mounted that when the plug has been turned into a position in which the pin tumblers 7 are located just in front of the shaft 12, each pin tumbler 7 will correspond to a locking member 9 etc. The locking members 9, 13 etc. are shown in detail in Figs. 7 and 9 from which appears that each member along its periphery is provided with a recess 9a and also with two notches 18 and 19. Between each two locking members 9, 13 and 13, 14 etc. there is seated on the shaft 12 a supporting member in form of a washer 15, 16 etc., which each also is provided with a recess 9a and a notch 18 at the periphery and also with a notch 20 near the shaft 12. All the recesses 9a of the members have an arcuate shape and normally the recesses are resting against the plug 2. Each locking member 9, 13 etc. is on one side coupled to the adjacent washer by means of a spring 10, Fig. 8, formed as a plane coil spring arranged around the shaft 12 and having one end 10a inserted in the axial notch 20 of a washer 15, the other end 10b thereof being inserted in the notch 19 in the periphery of the locking member 9 (Fig. 5). If the washer 15 before the mounting in the lock is held on the shaft 12 andthe locking member 9 is turned against the action of the spring 10, the latter will be tightened so that the locking member is subjected to a torsional moment. All springs 10 are pre-loaded in this manner before the shaft 12 is mounted in the opening 11 of the plug 2. Accordingly each locking member 9 with the portion 9b is pressed against the surface of the plug 2 (Fig. 2). When the plug 2 during an operation as a result of which one or more of the lower pin tumblers 7 do not reach positions flush .with the outer surface of the plug, (Fig. 4) is turned into a position in which the pin tumbler bores 6 are located just in front of the locking members 9, 13 etc., the portion 9b of the locking member 9, 13 etc., whose corresponding pin tumbler 7 in the plug has not been completely brought up to the surface of the plug (the pin farthest to the left in Fig. 3), will be turned into the bore 6 as shown in Fig. 4. The washers 15, 16 etc. cannot be turned in any position of the plug as they rest against the body 2C (Fig. 1) of the plug between the pin tumbler bores 6. When a locking member 9after the plug 2, when turned in counter clock-wise direction, has been turned so that the bore 6 is located straight before said member-has been turned into the respective bore, the continued turning of the plug in counter clock-wise direction will be prevented by the edge 2a ofthe bore 6 striking against the locking disk 9 (Fig. 4). As there is needed a further turning of the plug in counter clock-wise direction to enable the lock to be opened, the opening of the lock by means of the locking members has accordingly been made impossible. A turning back of the plug clockwise to normal locking position, in Which the lower pin tumblers 7 are located straight before the upper pin tumblers 4, is in this case rendered possible by the edge 2b of the hole 6 turning the member 9 so as to cause it to take up its normal position with the arcuate surface of the recess 9a resting against the surface of the plug. This means that if the plug 2 has been brought into the locking position shown in Fig. 4 by means of a false key, the'key may be pulled out again by turning the plug back to normal locking position. If the plug 2 is turned with a correct key in counter clock-wise direction from the locking position to sucha position, that the lower pin tumblers '7 are located straight before the locking members (Fig. 2), no locking of the turning movement of the plug will take place, as all lower pin tumblers 7 then have been brought up to such a position, that the upper end surfaces of the'pin tumblers coincide with the-cylindrical surface of the plug. Accordingly the locking members cannot be turned. It sometimes happens at an attempted opening of the lock that one or more of the lower pin tumblers 7 have been brought up to the last-mentioned position. Figs. 3 and 4 show such a case when four of the five lower pin tumblers have been brought into such a position, while the fifth pin tumblerdue to the fact that the corresponding recess in the cam of the key 8a is a little too deephas not been brought up to the cylindrical surface. Accordingly it has been possible to" turn the locking member 9 into thesocket 6, thus locking the continued turning of the plug.

For the mounting of the locking members and washers in the opening '11 the following method may advantageously be used. All locking member and washers are mounted (outside the casing) on the shaft 12 andturned "so as to occupy up their operational positions, whereby the springs 10 have been pre-lo'ad'ed so, that the locking members 9 etc. have obtained their right torsional moments. When the locking members and washers occupy these positions, the recesses 18 form a straightline, parallel to the axis of the plug. In all recesses 18 there is now inserted a straight metal wire 17 (Fig. 6). The shaft 12 with the locking members and washers now forms a unit, which can be easily inserted in the opening 11 of the lock casing with the recesses 9a resting against the surface of the plug. Then the wire 17 is pulled out and the locking members and washers will occupy their right positions. The axial displacement of the unit will be prevented by' a plate 23 which covers an end of the bore in the casing and bears against a stop washer 22 mounted on the shaft 12 (Fig. 1). In the other end of the shaft 12 there is a corresponding stop washer 21.

To prevent the locking members from resting against the Wall of the recess 11 during the turning and thus, owing to the friction, complicating the turning, the diameter of the Washers 15 is somewhat larger than the diameter of the locking members.

The invention may be modified in several manners.

For instance it is not necessary that the recess 9a of each 1 of the locking members and washers has an arcuate shape,

it may be plane or have any other suitable shape. Further it is not necessary that there be as many locking members as there are pin tumblers 7 in the plug, the number of locking members may be smaller than that of the pin tumblers.

At the embodiment shown in the drawing there is to be found as mentioned above-besides the recess 11 with pertaining locking members on one (the left) side of the normal pin tumbler sockets 3 of the lockalso a similar recess 11a with locking members to the right of the bores 3, which enables the plug to be locked against turning both to the right and to the left. If locking for only one direction of turning is desirable of course there will be needed only one of the recesses 11, 11a.

1 claim:

1. A cylinder lock comprising a casing, a plug ro,

being formed with longitudinally spaced and radially ,3 extending b0re's,'upper and lower tumbler pins respectively sliclably disposed in said bores, a shaft mounted within a. longitudinal bore in said casing extending parallel to the axis of said plug, at least one locking member rotatably seated in said longitudinal bore on said shaft, said locking member having a peripheral portion projectable into a tumbler pin bore placed in registry with said portion upon turning of the plug in one direction and withdrawable from the said bore upon turning of the plug in opposite direction, and loaded spring means coacting with said locking member for turning the same toward projection into said bore.

; 2. A cylinder lock according to claim 1, wherein several locking members are rotatably seated on said shaft in longitudinally spaced relationship and a supporting memher is disposed on the shaft between each two locking members, each of said supporting members having a peripheral portion abutting against asolid portion of the periphery of v the plug, said spring means comprising a plurality of springs each coupling one of said locking members and an adjacent supporting member whereby,

upon turning of the locking members and the supporting members relative to each other, said springs are loaded for the purpose aforesaid.

3. A cylinder lock according to claim 2, wherein each of said springs is in form of a flat coil spring having bent 01f ends, one end being inserted in an opening of the respective locking member and the other in an opening of a part of the lock stationary relative to said locking member. V t

4. A cylinder lock according to claim 2, wherein said longitudinal bore is disposed on one side 'of said row of tumbler pin bores in said casing, saidcasing having an additional longitudinal bore extending parallel to said axis of said plug on the opposite side of said row of tumbler pin bores in said casing, and wherein an additional shaft having locking members and supporting members supported thereon is disposed within said additional bore.

5. A cylinder lock according denim 2 ,yvherein said locking members and said supporting members on said shaft are formed as plates, each of said plates having an arcuate peripheral portion of uniform radius, the arcuate portion of each supporting plate having a slightly larger radius than the arcuate portion of each locking plate, said longitudinal bore for the shaft in the casing having a peripheral outline fitting said arcuate peripheral portion of said plates.

6. A cylinder lock according to claim 2, wherein each of said supporting members and said locking members are provided with a peripheral notch.

7. A cylinder lock according to claim 1, wherein several locking members are rotatably seated on said shaft in longitudinally spaced relationship and a; supporting member is disposed on the shaft between each two locking members, each of said supporting members having a peripheral portion abutting against a solid portion of the periphery of the plug, said locking members and said supporting members being generally disc shaped, each supporting disc having a slightly greater diameter than said locking discs, said spring means comprising a plurality of springs each coupling one of said locking'discs and an adjacent support disc whereby, upon turning of the locking discs and the supporting discs relative to each other, said springs are loaded for the purpose aforesaid.

8. A method for positioning locking members and supporting members in a lock in which each of said members has a peripheral notch, said method comprising the steps of rotatably seating all the members on a shaft,

turning all the members into a position in which the peripheral notches thereof are in linear alignment, said aligned position of the members being the operational position of the members, fitting a linear retaining Wire in all said notches, inserting the aligned and retained members in a bore of a cylinder lock casing and withdrawing said wire from the notches.

9. A method according to claim 8, wherein a spring is fitted between each locking member and one adjacent supporting member prior to alignment of said members whereby upon aligning the said members said springs are loaded.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,707,922 Pepper Apr. 2, 1929 1,932,3 3 Hurd Oct. 24, 1933 1,950,723 FitzGerald Mar. 13, 1934 2,137,504 OConnell Nov. 22, 1938 2,222,027 Golden et al. Nov. 19, 1940 

